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...
var i: integer;
    dbFeldName: string;
begin
  SQlQuery1.Close;

  SQLQuery1.SQL.Clear;
  SQlQuery1.Sql.Add('SELECT * FROM tbTeilnehmerDuB');
  SQLQuery1.Open;

  for i := 0 to SQLQuery1.Fields.Count - 1 do begin
    dbFeldName := SQLQuery1.Fields[i].FieldName;
  end;
...					

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procedure TReparaturDlg.ShowTabInfo(aFilename: TFilename);
var
  old_tbl: TTable;
  i, aRow: ShortInt;
  mFeldType: TFieldType;
begin
  old_tbl:= TTable.Create(nil);
  try
    with old_tbl do begin
      Databasename:= ExtractFilePath(aFilename);
      Tablename   := ExtractFilename(aFilename);
    end;

    old_tbl.Open;
    GridDeleteGrid(Grid1);

    for i:= 0 to pred(old_tbl.FieldDefs.Count do begin 
      GridAppendRow(Grid1);
      aRow:= i+1;
      Grid1.Cells[0,aRow]:= IntToStr(aRow);
      Grid1.Cells[1,aRow]:= old_tbl.FieldDefs[i].Name;

      mFeldType:= old_tbl.FieldDefs[i].DataType;
      case mFeldType of
        ftString:   Grid1.Cells[2,aRow]:= 'String';
        ftSmallInt: Grid1.Cells[2,aRow]:= 'SmallInt';
        ftInteger:  Grid1.Cells[2,aRow]:= 'Integer';
        ftFloat:    Grid1.Cells[2,aRow]:= 'Float';
        ftDate:     Grid1.Cells[2,aRow]:= 'Date';
        ftTime:     Grid1.Cells[2,aRow]:= 'Time';
        ftDateTime: Grid1.Cells[2,aRow]:= 'DateTime';
        ftBoolean:  Grid1.Cells[2,aRow]:= 'Boolean';
        ftAutoInc:  Grid1.Cells[2,aRow]:= 'AutoInc'
      end;

      Grid1.Cells[3,aRow]:= IntToStr(old_tbl.FieldDefs[i].Size);
      Grid1.Cells[4,aRow]:= IntToStr(old_tbl.FieldDefs[i].Precision)
    end;

    old_tbl.Close;
    GridDeleteRow(Grid1,Grid1.Row);
    Grid1.Row:= 1
  finally
    old_tbl.Free
  end;
end;